Pump for oil wells



H. L. NOLAN.

PUMP FOR OIL WELLS.

APPLlcA'noN FILED FEB. 16. |920.

1,402,950, maimed Jan.1o,1922. I?. 1 2.

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MMWR@ STATES HARRY L. NOLAN, 0F MPLEWOOD, MISSOURI.

r'oiur ron ont warts.

Lacasse.'

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 10, 1922.

.Application led February 16, 1920. Serial No. 359,206.

vTo all 'whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HARRY L. NoLAN, a citizen of the United States, and residing at the city of Maplewood, county of St. Louis, Missouri, have invented the new and useful Improvement in Pumps for Oil Wells, of which the following is a specification. y

This invention relates to pumps, and more particularly to deep Well pumps employed especially in oil wells.

pump of the character referred to, usually embodies a tubing or casing on the lower end of which is the workin@ barrel, while the eXtreme end of the working barrel is provided with a perforated pipe or anchor. In the lower end of the working barrel is mounted a lower or standing valve, while reciprocating in this barrel is an upper or working valve forming a plunger at tached to a sucker rod or wire cable, so that upon reciprocation, the liquid will be pumped up through the barrel and the tubing.

Now it is often necessary to remove and replace the standing valve or element and in the present practice, this requires the complete removal of the working element together with the sucker rods or cable, and the insertion of a rod bearing a gripping device, adapted to grip the standing element in order to permit withdrawal thereof from the casing. Now in replacement of a stand ingelement, this requires first the complete removal of the working element with its sucker l'rodsor cable; second, the insertion of a grippingl element on this end of a rod or cable; third, the withdrawal of the gripping element with a standing valve; fourth, the insertion of anew standing valve and fifth, the replacement of the working valve with its sucker rods or cable.

One of the objects of this invention,`

therefore, is to provide a pump, whereby the removal or replacement of a standing valve maybe accomplished with a minimum of labor and expense.-`

Another object is to provide a pump whereby thestanding valve or element may be withdrawn by the working element or valve. y Another object is to provide a means for preventing injury to the standing and working elements during normal operation, `Further objects willappear` from the de tail description taken in connection with the accompanying drawing, in which:

Figure 1 is a longitudinal vertical section through the working barrel and anchor of a deep well pump embodying this invention;

Figure 2 is a view similar to Figure 1, but shrwlng the parts in4 different position; an 1 y i Figures 3 and 4 are views similar to Figures 1 and 2, showing a further development of this invention.

Referring to the accompanying drawing, and more particularly to Figs. 1 and 2, 1 designates the working barrel, which is connected by a suitable coupling (not shown) with the tubing or casing '(not shown) of the well. The lower end of the barrel is connected by a coupling 2 with a perforated pipe or anchor 3, the inside surface 4 of the coupling 2 being of slightly smaller diam# eter than the inside of the working barrel.

Mounted in the bottom of the barrel is the lower or standing valve or element 5, which has a leather or other suitable face 6 cooperating with the surface 4 and has further a ball valve 7 arranged in a cage portion 8 of the standingelement, which cage portion terminates in a boss 9 provided with a perforation and also preferably ,threaded internally.

Mounted in the barrel and on the end of the sucker rod l0 (or wire cable) isa working valve or element 11 which is also proi y vided witha cage 12 and a ball 13. The working valve is provided with a series of washers 14, of leather or any other suitable material, so as to provide a plunger. The lower end of the working valve has threaded thereon a head 15` whichmay be provided with a loop 16 or with a perforated cup as is usual in these" pumps.

The partsso far described are of any suit-` able and usual constructiomfand a detail description thereof is, therefore. unnecessary; suffice it to say that the working valve during its reeiprocation cooperates with the standing valve to cause an upward flow of the liquid in the working barrel and the tubing or casing. The distance between the lower end of they working valve and the standing valve'is, however, even in the lower limit of movement of the working valve', not over six inches; accordingly, during the normal'operation, the` working valve will not approach'closely to the standing valve.

As heretofore'described, it is often `necessary to remove and replace the standing valve. 1n accordance. with. this invention, therefore, the bottom oi' the working valve or element is provided with a tap 157. This. tap can be secured to the head 15 in any suitable manner, as by welding, riveting, or a threadedconnection, properly locked, or it -may even form an integral part thereof.

This tapis constructed of steel, carefully hardened and tempered, and is atapered tap such as is used to cut pipe threads. The tap is provided with a starting point 30 at its end, land is a cutting tap as distinguished from an ordinary luted screw; the provision of the starting point atthe extreme tip enables the Vtap to' readily enter and be VsoY guided into the perforations ashereinafter described. The tap is arranged centrally so as to cooperate with the perforation- Vinthe boss 9. i

The operation vand function of'vthis construction is as follows: During the normal operation of the pump, the tap on the 'endv of the working element will not engage the standing element. When, however, it is desired to remove the 'standing element, the

working element is dropped until the tapV engages the perforation in the boss 9. The

provision of the starting point 30 allowsV this 'point to enter the perforation on the bossY 9 so that the tap will be clearly correc'tly positioned to begin cutting.. Then the working element is turned by turning of the sucker rod Vor cable, causing the tap to cut into the standing element and thus obtain va iirm grip.. By then raising on the suclrerv'rod or' cable, lthe standing element in normal position, withvits clutch'lface 22 projecting slightly beyond the point of. thetap, by a soft iron pin v2d passing through the sleeve and the tap, this pin being securediin any 4suitable manner as by being s driven in place or by having itsvends riveted.

Durin0r the normal. o eration of the workn a n a a ing element the sleeve 21 is retained 1n= a position as shown in Figure 3'so as to cover the tapl.: Accordingly, if the Vworking element should be dropped accidentally,V the 'sleeve will actv as a bumper so as to prevent injury to the tap or standingelement. VVhem however, it is desiredto remove the standing element, the working element, with its attached tap and sleeve, is dropped, thereby causing the clutch face 22 to contact with the clutch race 23. llnow, the working element is turned by turning of the sucker rod, the clutch `faces 22 and 23 are interlocked, thereby preventing the sleeve 21 from turning. The soft metal pin 24 is now Vsheared olif, and upon further turning of the working eier-nent, the tap vwill screw through the sleeve and into the threaded boss 9 so as to cut itself therein and firmly grip the standing element. During thiscutting movement,

the sleeve 21 acts as avguide so as to direct the tap and the standing element, and braceV the same 'during its cutting movement' therein. rlhe standing element can now be with# drawn from the pump. Y

lt will, therefore, be seen that the invention accomplishes its objects. The removal and replacement of the standing valve 'is accomplished without requiring entire dismantling of the entire'pump and without r'e-: quiring the series of operations'referred to aboveV as is the case with the prior art." It is important that the gripping element be a'tap, Jfor an ordinarythreaded boss will not accomplish the purpose, for. the reason that the presence of sand and grit found in wells, and oil and grease will so interfere iviththe proper gripping ot' threads as to render the mere provision of a cooperating boss and a tapped hole inoperative for the purpose of withdrawing the standinggelement from the well. A tap, however, definitely 'cutsits'way into the standing element and accordingly, it is absolutelyV sure-and certain inits action, no'matter whatmay be the condition as to foreign' matterV andv corrosion at the bottom'of the well, Y p

rlhe provisionof the combined bumpei' and Vguiding element for the tap notfonlyl prevents injury to thev tap and notr only accurately centers, guides and braces thej tap while cutting into the standing element,but

it also serves to cover the tap during thel normal operation and thus prevents injury to condition Jfor use clean. Y i

itis obvious that variousr changes may be made inthe details of construction without4 departing from the spirit of this invention; it is, therefore, to vbe understood that this invention is not to be limited to the specific details shown and described. 1 i.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed is: Y i l A Y l. A pump embodying avbarrel, a stand-A ing element and a working element therein, characterized by the feature that one of the elements has a cutting tap provided witha starting pointand the other element'ha'sza cooperating perforation, said startingk point; being adapted to enter said perforation and permit the tap to start and to cut therein with its edges sharp and VVthe tap. Accordingly, the tap is always'in and grip the perforated part, whereby the standing element may be Withdrawn by the Working element through the medium of the tap.

2. A pump embodying a barrel, a standing element and a Working element therein, characterized by a tap on one of said elements adapted to make connection with the other element, and a sleeve threaded on said tap and normally retained against rotation lo thereon.

in testimony whereof I affix my signature this 7th day of January, 1920.

HARRY L. NOLAN. 

